{ "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Blog", "alternateName": [ "溯源齋", "소원재", "Sowonjae" ], "author": { "@id": "https://www.dongjedang.com/#choi", "@type": "Person", "affiliation": { "@id": "https://www.dongjedang.com/#clinic", "@type": "MedicalClinic", "name": "동제당한의원" }, "jobTitle": "한의사", "name": "최장혁", "sameAs": [ "https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=tW15B3cAAAAJ" ] }, "blogPost": [ { "canonical": "https://sowonjae.dongjedang.com/en/post/2026-08-07-adipose-tissue-water-circuit/", "date": "2026-08-06", "isDuplicate": false, "lang": "en", "lastmod": "2026-08-06", "summary": "\u003c!-- 자동 생성. 원천은 \u003cslug\u003e.md 의 translation_en. 직접 수정하지 말 것. --\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"1-abstract\"\u003e1. Abstract\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBody composition analyzers routinely report that total body water changes little during weight loss. This finding is more likely an artifact of the measurement model than a physiological fact, because standard bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is built on the assumption that adipose tissue contains neither intracellular nor extracellular fluid. Recent physiology has described a circuit that contradicts that assumption. The adipocyte membrane carries a channel that conducts both water and glycerol (aquaporin-7, AQP7), and the more obstructed this water pathway becomes, the more lipid accumulates. As adipocytes enlarge, hypoxia and inflammation follow, interstitial fluid increases, and within that interstitium sodium is stored without accompanying water. Tonicity-responsive enhancer binding protein (TonEBP), which senses this local hypertonicity, epigenetically represses the β3-adrenergic receptor, the central switch for lipid oxidation. Water and fat therefore do not stand in a one-directional causal relationship but form a mutually reinforcing loop. This paper organizes that circuit into four layers and identifies the points at which clinical instruments fail to observe it.\u003c/p\u003e", "tags": [ "지방조직", "체수분", "아쿠아포린", "나트륨저장", "체성분분석", "해독다이어트", "대사연구", "통합의학" ], "title": "The Hydration of Adipose Tissue — The Circuit Linking Water and Fat, and the Instrument That Cannot Measure It", "url": "https://sowonjae.dongjedang.com/en/post/2026-08-07-adipose-tissue-water-circuit/", "wordCount": 5152 }, { "canonical": "https://sowonjae.dongjedang.com/en/post/2026-06-30-bibaktamna-4-poksang/", "date": "2026-06-29", "isDuplicate": false, "lang": "en", "lastmod": "2026-06-29", "summary": "\u003c!-- 자동 생성. 원천은 \u003cslug\u003e.md 의 translation_en. 직접 수정하지 말 것. --\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter the \u003cem\u003eGuk·Myeon·Gukhoe\u003c/em\u003e trilogy (獨行篇 × 壽世保元) · Part Four 〔暴傷 — what a single revolution inscribes upon the body〕\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"opening\"\u003eOpening\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe three parts of \u003cem\u003eGuk·Myeon·Gukhoe\u003c/em\u003e traced one revolution and closed it. The first part looked at the hardened \u003cem\u003eguk\u003c/em\u003e (局, the standpoint a person occupies) from within, and found that 鄙薄貪懦 (\u003cem\u003ebibaktamna\u003c/em\u003e—the four modes of moral degeneration: meanness, shallowness, greed, cowardice) name not those whose desires are large but those so sealed off that they cannot even see the clarity of their own mind-will. The second part watched that \u003cem\u003eguk\u003c/em\u003e collide with another at the \u003cem\u003emyeon\u003c/em\u003e (面, the surface where two standpoints meet), striking others through 凌·傾·賊·掩 (encroachment, toppling, plunder, concealment), yet blocked by a loosened \u003cem\u003eguk\u003c/em\u003e cultivating itself on the opposite side, so that the encroachment never closed onto one side alone. The third part watched that collision turn one full revolution along \u003cem\u003echiran\u003c/em\u003e (治亂, order and disorder)—the \u003cem\u003egukhoe\u003c/em\u003e (局回, the one revolution)—and saw that the circle, unable to complete itself, opens instead onto the place where it turns back upon the self: 反誠 (\u003cem\u003ebanseong\u003c/em\u003e, self-rectification).\u003c/p\u003e", "tags": [ "비박탐나", "暴傷", "心地淸濁", "독행편", "수세보원", "신체화", "사상의학", "이제마" ], "title": "Where Does Bibaktamna Come to Rest? — Poksang and the Clarity and Turbidity of the Mind-Will", "url": "https://sowonjae.dongjedang.com/en/post/2026-06-30-bibaktamna-4-poksang/", "wordCount": 8262 }, { "canonical": "https://sowonjae.dongjedang.com/en/post/2026-06-28-bibaktamna-3-gukhoe/", "date": "2026-06-28", "isDuplicate": false, "lang": "en", "lastmod": "2026-06-28", "summary": "\u003c!-- 자동 생성. 원천은 \u003cslug\u003e.md 의 translation_en. 직접 수정하지 말 것. --\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e獨行篇 (Dokhaeng-pyeon) × 反誠箴 (Banseong-jam) · the 局·面·局回 cycle · Part Three 〔局回 — The Single Revolution〕\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"introduction\"\u003eIntroduction\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePart One looked at the hardened 局 (\u003cem\u003eguk\u003c/em\u003e—the configuration each person already stands in as a force) from within; Part Two looked at the 面 (\u003cem\u003emyeon\u003c/em\u003e—the contact membrane where two 局 meet) that it forms upon touching another. In Part One, 鄙薄貪懦 (\u003cem\u003ebibaktamna\u003c/em\u003e—the four names of moral self-abandonment: the mean [鄙], the shallow [薄], the greedy [貪], the cowardly [懦]) proved to be not one of great desire but one sealed off from seeing his own mind-will (闇辨, \u003cem\u003eeumbyeon\u003c/em\u003e—the darkening of discernment). In Part Two that sealing leaked out at the membrane as the encroachments of domination, toppling, predation, and eclipsing (凌·傾·賊·掩). Yet Part Two closed on this: the encroachment does not pile up in one direction only. A flowing 局 that ceaselessly cultivates (益修, \u003cem\u003eiksu\u003c/em\u003e) stands opposite, and their mutual constitution (互爲, \u003cem\u003ehowi\u003c/em\u003e) never permits either side to reach completion.\u003c/p\u003e", "tags": [ "格致藁", "비박탐나", "독행편", "반성잠", "巽箴", "觀仁", "局場面", "局回", "이제마", "사상의학", "상태/씨앗" ], "title": "Where Does 鄙薄貪懦 Return? 局回 and the 局 That Does Not Close", "url": "https://sowonjae.dongjedang.com/en/post/2026-06-28-bibaktamna-3-gukhoe/", "wordCount": 2419 }, { "canonical": "https://sowonjae.dongjedang.com/en/post/2026-06-26-bibaktamna-2-myeon/", "date": "2026-06-26", "isDuplicate": false, "lang": "en", "lastmod": "2026-06-26", "summary": "\u003c!-- 자동 생성. 원천은 \u003cslug\u003e.md 의 translation_en. 직접 수정하지 말 것. --\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e獨行篇 (Dokhaeng-pyeon) × 壽世保元 (Suse Bowon) · the 局·面·局回 cycle · Part Two 〔面 — Where They Touch〕\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"introduction\"\u003eIntroduction\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePart One looked at the hardened 局 from within. 鄙薄貪懦 (\u003cem\u003ebibaktamna\u003c/em\u003e—the four names of moral self-abandonment: the mean [鄙], the shallow [薄], the greedy [貪], the cowardly [懦]) proved to be not a separate species of wrongdoer but one who has himself discarded (棄, \u003cem\u003egi\u003c/em\u003e) even the virtue he was born least endowed with; its essence lay not in the magnitude of desire but in an epistemic sealing-off (闇辨, \u003cem\u003eeumbyeon\u003c/em\u003e—the darkening of discernment), the inability to see one\u0026rsquo;s own mind-will clearly. And Part One closed leaving a single sentence open: the hardened 局 does not live alone. So long as the very definition of 鄙薄貪懦 is a relational term (關係語)—棄禮·棄義·棄智·棄仁, the discarding of propriety, rightness, wisdom, benevolence—the moment a 局 stands, it necessarily touches another.\u003c/p\u003e", "tags": [ "格致藁", "비박탐나", "독행편", "局場面", "이제마", "사상의학", "인격론", "互爲", "接觸面" ], "title": "Whom Does 鄙薄貪懦 Strike? The Contact Membrane of the Hardened 局 and Mutual Constitution", "url": "https://sowonjae.dongjedang.com/en/post/2026-06-26-bibaktamna-2-myeon/", "wordCount": 3506 }, { "canonical": "https://sowonjae.dongjedang.com/en/post/2026-06-25-bibaktamna-1-guk/", "date": "2026-06-25", "isDuplicate": false, "lang": "en", "lastmod": "2026-06-25", "summary": "\u003c!-- 자동 생성. 원천은 \u003cslug\u003e.md 의 translation_en. 직접 수정하지 말 것. --\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e獨行篇 (Dokhaeng-pyeon) × 壽世保元 (Suse Bowon) · the 局·面·局回 cycle · Part One 〔局 — Where One Stands〕\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"introduction\"\u003eIntroduction\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn Yi Je-ma\u0026rsquo;s (李濟馬) account of the human person, 鄙薄貪懦 (\u003cem\u003ebibaktamna\u003c/em\u003e—the four names of moral self-abandonment: the mean [鄙], the cowardly [懦], the shallow [薄], and the greedy [貪]) is commonly read as four kinds of inferior person, a separate species (別種) of other set against the self. Yet this reading misses the place the \u003cem\u003eGyeokchigo\u003c/em\u003e (格致藁, Yi Je-ma\u0026rsquo;s foundational philosophical work) assigns to them. 鄙薄貪懦 is not a separate species of wrongdoer but the name of one who has himself discarded (棄, \u003cem\u003egi\u003c/em\u003e—to throw away) even the very virtue he was born least endowed with; it is one possibility latent in every person—the case in which the 心地淸濁 (\u003cem\u003esimji cheongtak\u003c/em\u003e—the clarity and turbidity of the mind-will) has tilted toward turbidity. Its essence lies not in the magnitude of desire but in an epistemic sealing-off: the inability to see one\u0026rsquo;s own mind-will clearly. This is what the present essay sets out to show from the standpoint of 〔局〕.\u003c/p\u003e", "tags": [ "格致藁", "비박탐나", "독행편", "局場面", "이제마", "사상의학", "인격론", "심지청탁" ], "title": "Whose Failing Is 鄙薄貪懦? The Hardened 局 and the Sealing of the Mind-Will", "url": "https://sowonjae.dongjedang.com/en/post/2026-06-25-bibaktamna-1-guk/", "wordCount": 3155 }, { "canonical": "https://sowonjae.dongjedang.com/en/post/2026-06-10-fascia-mechanobiology-dose-response/", "date": "2026-06-10", "isDuplicate": false, "lang": "en", "lastmod": "2026-06-10", "summary": "\u003c!-- 자동 생성. 원천은 \u003cslug\u003e.md 의 translation_en. 직접 수정하지 말 것. --\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"1-abstract\"\u003e1. Abstract\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen chronic pain returns after treatment, the failure is usually attributed to the treatment itself. Connective-tissue mechanobiology points elsewhere. The pain returns because the mechanical and biochemical environment that produced it has not changed. Fibroblasts respond to mechanical load along a curve rather than a straight line. Excessive load drives inflammation, fibrosis, and neural sensitization. Insufficient load leaves the tissue sclerotic, atrophic, and cross-linked. Only an intermediate range rebuilds and strengthens collagen. The aim of treatment, then, is not to remove the stimulus but to move trapped tissue back into that intermediate range. Korean medicine addresses this curve from two sides. External treatment (外治, \u003cem\u003eoechi\u003c/em\u003e—therapies applied from outside the body) acts locally along three axes: a mechanical axis that works the tissue directly (acupuncture, the blade-needle \u003cem\u003edochim\u003c/em\u003e, thread-embedding), a thermal axis that delivers heat to the deep layers (heated fire-needling), and a pharmacological axis that governs inflammation, lavage, and regeneration (bee-venom and herbal pharmacopuncture). On the mechanical axis, two variables must be kept distinct: the intensity of the stimulus (rotation, depth, gauge) and the mode of action of the tip (pressing versus cutting). This distinction separates the ordinary filiform needle from the \u003cem\u003edochim\u003c/em\u003e. External treatment handles local input; internal treatment (內治, \u003cem\u003enaechi\u003c/em\u003e—therapies taken into the body), comprising herbal medicine and constitutional detoxification, addresses the systemic biochemical milieu beneath it. The six-stage roadmap arranges these along the dose-response curve. Direct evidence for the later stages and for thread-embedding is limited, and they are presented here as a hypothetical model.\u003c/p\u003e", "tags": [ "결합조직", "기계생물학", "통증치료", "외치내치", "섬유아세포", "용량반응", "한의학연구", "통합의학" ], "title": "Adaptive Connective-Tissue Responses by Stimulus Dose and an Integrative External–Internal Model in Korean Medicine — A Literature Review on the Action Coordinates of Acupuncture, the Blade-Needle, Heated Fire-Needling, Bee-Venom Pharmacopuncture, and Herbal Medicine", "url": "https://sowonjae.dongjedang.com/en/post/2026-06-10-fascia-mechanobiology-dose-response/", "wordCount": 2397 } ], "count": 6, "description": "Sowonjae — English editions of studies on Yi Je-ma's Gyeokchigo and Dongui Suse Bowon, Sasang constitutional medicine, and constitutional pathology, by Choi Jang-hyuk, KMD.", "generated": "2026-08-19T04:49:06Z", "inLanguage": "en", "keywords": [ "Sasang constitutional medicine", "Yi Je-ma", "Gyeokchigo", "Dongui Suse Bowon", "Korean medicine", "constitutional pathology" ], "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/", "name": "Sowonjae — Studies in Sasang Constitutional Medicine", "url": "https://sowonjae.dongjedang.com/", "usageInfo": "인용 시 저자명(최장혁)과 출처 URL 표기를 권장한다." }